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Sub-Saharan African nations account for around one-third of the total, followed by Latin America and the Middle East (the latter 2 together accounting for over 40% of the overall). Including, there has been an (from 90.3 in 2000-04 to 92.6 and 92.3 in the five years pre- and post-pandemic ).

and ranked higher than others; UAE is up more than 45 places in 2024 compared to 2000 while Qatar climbed up 24; both Saudi Arabia and Oman rose 17 ranks throughout the duration. The caught or worse off countries are some parts of Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa where structural change has stalled.
reveals a substantial increase in average EDI scores from 86.8 in 2000-04 to 92.6 in 2020-24, (up more than 10 points in the initial period versus 2020-24). with UAE surpassing in the trade sub-index (supported by current bilateral trade agreements & non-oil exports push). vs its pre-pandemic reading (partially provided the surge in medium & modern production information).
Its diversification metrics have stagnated, revealing the least improvement between the preliminary (2000-04) and final (2020-24) recommendation periods., in spite of the headwinds of OPEC+ production cuts. A robust non-hydrocarbon expansion was supported by the GCC's robust domestic demand (supported by a strong job pipeline and execution) and strong services sector efficiency.
Global Investment Prospects within the GCCKuwait and Saudi Arabia clocked in an increase in non-hydrocarbon earnings, "primarily showing non-hydrocarbon tax base expansions and income collection performance improvements", according to the IMF. In the current geopolitical environment identified by magnifying, it is in the very best interests of product reliant nations to diversify its export base, exports and trade partners.
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